L066 · Under the hood · 2 min

How AI is tested, and what tests miss

Benchmarks are standard tests that let people compare AI models, but a high score does not guarantee the model is good at your job.

01 · The idea

A benchmark is a fixed set of questions with known answers: maths problems, coding tasks, exam questions, reading tests. Run a model on it and you get a score you can compare with other models.

Scores help, and they have limits. When models get close to full marks, a test stops telling them apart, so new, harder tests keep appearing. Test questions can also leak into training data, and then the model may simply remember the answers.

Most benchmarks also measure narrow skills. Writing a clear letter to an upset customer in Vietnamese, or following your company's style, rarely appears in any public test.

The best test is your own. Pick five real tasks from your work, run them on two models, and judge the results side by side. Builders call this an eval.

02 · Think of it like this

It is like choosing a driver by their written test score. Useful, but you would still want to sit in the car while they drive through your own streets.

03 · Do it now

04 · Quick check

A model scores near 100% on a famous test. Why might it still disappoint you?